Armytage Open Lecture
 

 

ؼ

 

I.  ΰ?

 

1798 (William Wordsworth) 繫 Ϸ ڿ︮(Samuel Taylor Coleridge) ͸ Ⱓ ǹ ʸ ̷ ¡ ̴. ߹(Advertisement) ڵ и ǵ Ž

ǵǾ, "" 񿡼 巯. 18 Ĺݿ ũ ϴ "(Ballad)" "(Lyric)" ڿ︮ õ ü Ž ݿ ش. ̷ ǹ̿ ǿ ġ ̶ ׵

ġ ݿ ٰ̾ ִ. 1800 ǿ ٿ ̷ ǵ ϳ ̷ üȭϸ鼭 ǹ ֵDZ ߰, ̷ ü ǹ ù νĵǾ. ̷ л ǹ̿ ұϰ, ü 츮 Ұ , ܿ ڿ︮ ٽ "" ũ ظ ϡ("Goody Blake and Harry Gill"),ó("The Thorn") ǰٴ ƾϻ("Tintern Abbey") ڱ ø ߽ Դ. ڿ︮ ʳ ڽ 󰡔󰡕 Biographia Literaria õ Ģ ̷ ڵ õ Ģ ȹ ݰ л Ǹ ϸ鼭 ׷ Ģ ǰ Ǹ ǰ鿡 󸶳 õǾ°, ü "" õ 󸶳 ߿ ϴ° ؼ λ 򰡸 Ա ̴. ǰ ʱ ִ õ ϰ ƾϻ ϳ ǰμ ׷ ߰, 뿡 ݿ̶ µ ¡ , õμ ǹ̴ ̶ ݱ Ϲ 򰡿. ̹ ϴ Ͽ 1800 μ 󰡔󰡕 ϰ Ӹ ƴ϶ 鼭 II ÷ ݿǾ ִ Ǻ̴. 1805 ۰ Ե Ǻ̱ 迭 ٲ 1800ǿ ũ ޶ ʾҴ. 1800 󰡔󰡕 󰡔󰡕 ִ ϼǺ̸, 󰡔󰡕 ľϰ л Ǹ ľϵ ϴµ ϴٰ ִ.

 

II. ۰Ұ: ڿ︮

"츮 װ ϴ ݵ Ƿ Ѵ. ״ ū ʰ, Ÿ ½ پѾ 浵 Ǯ 沱 پԴ." ڽŰ ν(Dorothy) ó 湮 ڿ︮ ̷ ȸѴ. 40 ģ 湮 ̷ ϰ Ѵٴ ǹ̰ ׿ 󸶳 ū ̾ ش. ޶  ƴϾ. ȸϴ κ ۵ ü  ۰ ̾ ̴. ̵ ó ó ̾ ׵ ڷμ ϰ ־ ̴.

1770⿡ ¾ Ǻθϰ(8 Ӵ, 13 ƹ ) ģô ϴ Ÿ̽(Ann Tyson)̶ Ĵ ϼ Ȥ б(Hawkshead Grammar School) Ӻ긮(Cambridge) Ʈ ø(St. Johns College) Ѵ. (The Prelude) ״ лȰ ū ̸ ϰ ٸ лó ̳ غϴ ģ ιƮ (Robert Jones) Բ 1ֳ ¾ ⿴ . ̶ λ Ӻ긮 Ҿ dzʰ. ߿ ̶ ߿ ι µ, ϳ ʳ

ijѶ(Caroline)̶ Ƹ ܰǻ Ƴ׶ ߷(Annette Vallon)̸, ٸ ϳ ׿ Ǹ νĽŰ ȭ ̳ Ŭ (Michael Beaupuy) 屳. dzʰ

Ҿ ƴ϶ λ ε ̾ ̴.

ƿ  麸ٵ ġ ߴ. ͱ 1793 ʿ ֱ (A Letter to the Bishop of Llandaff) 16 ó ȣϰ,

ټҰ Ұϴٴ Ѵ. ̷ ݼ ᱹ ǵ Ⱑ Ӱ õ ȭ ̶ Ͼ. ׷ ̷ ġ Ƿ ʷ(Napoleon) , , ھ ̻ ο ̵÷α ۿ

. 1795⿡ ģ Ǵ(Pinney) ̽ٿ (Racedown Lodge) νÿ ϴ μ Ȱ , а ݰ ޷ лȰ Ѵ. ڿ︮ ٷ ̷ ϴ ̾. 2 ʰ 9 1 ¾ ڿ︮ Ʈ(Hertford) ִ ũ̽Ʈ б(Christ's Hospital Preparatory School) ó Ӻ긮 ø(Jesus College) ߴ. о ġ ŷǾ б⸦ ܵΰ ó ڿ︮ յ Ϸ Ų ޹(Silas Tomkyn Comberbache) ԴѴ. ڿ︮ õ翡 Ȱ 翬 ʾҰ, ڿ︮ ΰ ź ǵƿ ᱹ 1794⿡ Ӻ긮

ϰ . ڿ︮ ̶ ۵ п ٴϴ ιƮ ο(Robert Southey) µ, ̵ ̱ ὺϳ(Susquehanna River) ö ȭ ̻ ü Ǽϴ Ǿ ȹ Բ

ϰ ȴ. Ƽũ(Pantisocracy) ̻ ü 12 ο Ǹ Ϸ翡 ð 뵿 ϰ, ð , âۿ ϱ Ǿ ־. ʰ ڿ ڿ︮Դ ̷ ü̾ Ÿ ̾, ̸ ο ū ó Ŀ(Sara Fricker) ȥ ŭ ̰ ϰ ߴ. (Wales) ̷ ü ù ϴ ο ̰ ڿ︮ 1795⿡ 긮(Bristol) ġ Ϸ ߰ ߰, ̷ ڡ  ־µ, þ߿ ٷ , װ ˾ƺ õ缺 ڿ︮ Ͽ ο ƴ϶ ̸, ġٴ Ǿ ߽ ϴµ о߶ ݰ Ǿ, ̷ ڿ︮ Ͽ ū ϰ Ÿ Ѵ ſ ޷ ߴ ̴.

 

II.

 

ռ ߵ Ⱓ 1797 6 ڿ︮ ģ (Racedown Lodge) ־ Ÿ 湮ϸ鼭 ۵Ǿ. õ ɿ ŷǾ. ڿ︮ ڱⰡ ֱٿ ϼ Ҹ(Osorio) κ ־, ʳ 츮ԡ θ(The Ruined Cottage) ˷ ̸ (Margaret) 翬 깮ø о־. ڿ︮ "ڱⰡ ƴ ι"̶ ׸ ͽǾ (Schiller) ߰, ڿ︮ ̱ "

ι"̶ ŭ ߴ. ĥ 湮 ġ ư ڿ︮ Ӽ(Somerset) ִ ڱ 4 Alfoxden ϰ

Ÿ ûϰ Ǵµ, ̷κ 1Ⱓ ڿ︮ ſ ü ϰ, Ȱ Ȱ ϰ ȴ. 20 Ĺ 2 1 "Ϲ" ᰡ鼭 㳷 ʰ Բ ٴϸ ϴ ð ǽ ⿡ ߰, ̵ ÷ 湮ϴ ϴ ȴ

, ޱ ȴ籹 ̵ ü ӹ ľϱ и İϱ⿡ ̸. ׷ ̵ ϴ ̳ δ籹 ǽϵ ø ̳ ׵ ϱ ӹ ƴ϶ л ʾ ü Ͽ ϰ ־. ׸ ٷ ̾ ̴. ̵ "" Բ Ẹ ó ƴϾ. ǻ ̵ "(Quantock Hills)" ̿ϸ Ǹ鼭 ó ߴ ð ƴ϶ 󸶸 ̾. "(The Borderers)" (Othello) Ű , ڿ︮ Ҹ ϼ߰ ǰ 뿡 ø õ߾. 1797 11 ǰ ϼ "(the Valley of the Stones)"̶ Բ ȹ߾µ ̾. ̵ ִ ÿ ȸ ø Ͽ Ḧ ޴ ̾, ׷ ̵ ж κ ä ־ "" Բ Ἥ

(Monthly Review)̶µ ڴ ̾. ׷ ϰ ִ Ρ(The Ancient Mariner)" ǰ̾. ᱹ ǰ Ϸ ȹ ϰ µ, װ ̰Ե ù ° ȹ ϸ鼭 ۾ ȿ̳ âǼٴ ׵ ̳ ̸ ſ ɰϰ ̾. ǰ ᱹ ǰ ǵDZ ǰ ǹ̿ ƴϾ, ǥ ͵ ƴϾ. 11 Ŀ ǵ ȹ üȭ 󸶰 忡 Ŀ. 󸶸 Ĵµ ƴ϶ Ȱ ޼, ׸ ؼ ݱ  ε Ǿڿ Ⱦƾ ߴ. õ ٸ 须(Lyrical Ballads and Other

Poems) Ϳ 巯 ο "" Ӹ ƴ϶ ڿ︮ Ȱ Ͽ ϰ ־ ο "ٸ " ߿ ϰ ־, ̰ Ģ ԰ 迡 ̶ ٴ  ȸ õ 緮 Ƽ å  ߴ ε ʿ伺

ݿϰ ִٰ Ѵ. "" 迡 Բ Ѵٱ ٴ ڼ (The Prelude) ϴ (The Recluse)Ʈ "öн" ʰȹ 巯, ڿ︮ ̷а ϰ, ϴ ޶ , ̰ ϳ ̻ , ڿ︮ ޼ϱ ٴ ϱ â ڱϴ ۿϰ ȴ. ̷ "" ޱ 1810 ų 浹 ȭ ̾ ڿ︮ Biographia

Literaria ̷ӰԵ ¡ 깰 ̷ ٰſ Ŷ ϵȴ. ׷ ΰ νð "" ̷ ü װ â "ȣ(lake school)" ϴ 18⸻ ̻ ü ̾ ǥ ̷ . ٸ

ǵϴ " " " " 迡 μ Ÿϰ žư Ρ ǰ з , ׸ ڿ︮ 󿡼 Ͽ ڱ ߰ذ ӿ ÿ Ͼ ̶ ʿ䰡 ִ.

ʸ ̷ Ρ ʵ ̾ٸ Ⱓ ⿡ ˹ߵǾ.

ռ ó ſ ڿ︮ "" ൿ ֹε ǽ ᱹ 籹 α ̾, ̷ Ȳ Ŵ "" ϴ ϰ ǰ, ΰ νô Ϸ Ѵ. ̵ ܱ , öаθ Ѵٴ ǥ ־, 󰡿 ϴٰ νĵǾٴ Ѵٸ, δ

ġ ̳ ٸ . Ϸ ؾ ߰, ̸ ִ Ǿڵ ϴ ᱹ 츮 ˰ִ Ⱓ ϰ ̴. ׷ װ ʾƼ μ⸦ ߴ 긮 μ Ʋ(Cottle) μϴµ Ǹ 鼭 ɼ ü ϴٰ ᱹ DZ

Ǿ ġ(Arch) 絵߰, 1798 10 4 Ź "ÿ ٸ 须, , ׷óġ J.&A. Arch ǵ" ǥ ڸ Ⱓ簡 Ƿȴ. ǥ å 5Ǹ̾.

 

IV. ߼ ǽ

 

丶 Ǯ(Thomas Poole) ޾ ӼƮ(Somerset) ġ ״ (Nether Stowey) 󰡸 ־ ڿ︮ װ 4 (Alfoxden)̶ Ÿ ҷδ. ̰ ſ ڿ︮ 㳷 ʰ ġ , öп ϰ âۿ Ѵ. ⿡ (Charles Lamb) , (John Thelwell) 鵵 ãƿ ̵ лȰ ߰, ̰ ηκ ι ָް ǰ ޱ а ҷ̱⵵ Ѵ. 1797 1798⿡ ģ ñ ο ־ õ缺 ߴ (annus mirabilis)", 츮 ͸ ǵ ׵ Ǿ, ̷ν ǹ ߴٰ ص ƴϴ. ǹ Ǹ (Preface) ̴. 1798 Ǻ ߹̶ ̸ © ۸ ϰ ־µ ⿡ Ǹ ǰ κ ߰ް ϻ ִµ 󸶳 Ѱ Ȯϱ ֵǾ ϸ ִ 𿡼 縦 ִ Ư ƴϰڴ°, ׸ ̰ Ȥ ڵ Ž ظ ٶٴ ߾. ׷ 2 , ڵκ ڽ ڷ ٿ ° ڽ õ ä ־, ڽ ֵ ü ȣϴ ̰ ȴ. 1802⿡ ٽ ѹ ȮǾ ϼǴ ǿ ޾Ƶ鿩. ˷ ִٽ ɽ Ǵ ο ÿ Ǵ ̴. 켱, ô 帥 (spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings)"̶ Ƿ ø κ õ ع, ׿ ε ޾ 䰡(Pegasus) Ÿ 踦 簡 ƴ϶ 鿡 ϴ (Man speaking to men)"̸, ׵ â ִ  dz о ƴ϶  , ̺ ϻ ̴. 1802 ǿ ø š, ΰ ȸ ϴ ڡ ϸ鼭 ÿ ο Ư ον ο Ǹ ް DZ⵵ , ȮǴ

ٽ ߻ ׵ ߽ɿ 浿̾. ̰ ŝo(William Mathews) ģ âϿ ȸ ϰ ߴ , ׸ ģ ο Բ Ǿ "Ƽũ(Pantisocracy)" ߴ ڿ︮ ġ ̻ǰ ӿ ұϰ ׵ ȹ ִ ̴. ڿ︮ 󰡔 Ͽ ߴ õ ϵ ġ ƴ϶ ǵ 丶 (Thomas Paine) ΰ Ǹ(The Rights of Man)ŭ̳ ġ ̾. ȸ õ ϻ ü ŭ ȿ ġ  ִٴ ΰ Ǹٸ, ׵  븦 ̷ ִ  Ȯϴ ̾߸ ̶ ȹ ġ ̾. ġ ̾ Ŭ ǰ ҳ Ű ̾߸ 츮 ο ϴ !(T is against that /That we are fighting!)(, 9 517-518) ģ Ͱ ε ָ ̵ ȭ ̳ ᰡ ƴ϶ ȭ Ͽ ΰ ã ΰ ü ̴. ׷ ǹ̿ ù Ŀ ʴ αǼ̶ ϴ.

 

V.߹ : ݿ

 

1800 ǿ ġǴ 1798 ߹ ª ǵ ִ ̴. ֿ ̴.

õ ټ ֵǾ Ѵ. õ ȸ ̳߰ ȭ Ǵ  ſ̶ 뵵 α ִ° Ȯϴ ֵ . ø 18 ص ô ó  ϴ ƴ϶ ü ϴ ̾, ü Ư¡ Ǵ 帣. Ư Ű ode, elegy, pastoral, satire ׸ θô ǰ ĵ Ǿ â۵Ǿ, ׿ , ̳ ־ ô ſ ǵǾ ִ ̾. ׷ Ŀ ´ ̸ ־, װ͵ ϻʹ ޸ Ư ȭǾ ִ . ׸ ű⿡ Ƹڷ з "Ÿ и Ģ" ϰ Ǿ ̴. ⺻ ǵ "" ν ⼭ ߵ и ϴµ, ü ϻ þ ä ȭ ܿ ̾, "" " ݿ"

ִ װ äϷ ϻ ׳ ϻ ƴ϶ "̳߰ " ̾ ̴. ̳ 5 ̾, ̳信 ϴ ( ڿ︮ ) ȸ ź Ƶ ־ . 1798 1 ־ ħ , , ھָ ߱ϴ ̻ ü ƴ϶ ϳ ȣ и , ̸ ϴ ε . ̷ Ȳ ڽ Ϸ "" ϴ

߿ ü "߰ ƴ "  ڽ ǥ ڴٴ Ģ õ ġ Ȳ ұϰ ڽ ο ȹ ü ġ 忡 Ͽ ߱ϰڴٴ иϰ ִ ̴. 5 (LLandaff)ֱ ѿ ( ʾ) Edmund Burke Thomas Paine ϴ ϱ⵵ , ġ ұϰ, ڽ ο ȹ ߽ɿ ߰ް ޿ 밨 ռ ִ. "ݿ" Ǹ Ž ο "ġ ݿ" 弱󿡼 õ ̶ ǽ . ó ȭϰ ġü 籸 ȣ ŭ ٺ̾ٴ ̷ ȸ õ ƴ϶ "" ۵θ° ٽ ϴ ܰ ϴ ̾ٴ ȴ. ڵ鿡 ÿ 信 Źϸ鼭 ڽ ǥ ̷ . å д (ÿ 信 ġ ) õ ΰ ΰ ݰ ׸ ΰ ǵ ϴ

ڹ ־ Ѵ. ڽ "߰ް "  þ äѴٰ 鼭, װ "߰ް " 鸸 ̳ ׵

Ÿ ϴ ƴ϶ װͿ Ϲ "ΰ " ǥϴ ον ڽ ÷п ⼺ Ȯϰ Ѵ. ̻ ü ޱ ûϰ Ӱ ΰ ̻ ǿ Ѵٴ ̾ٸ, ޱ(Ƹڷ п ) ޱ(Ÿ и Ģ) Ÿϰ ڽ ο ΰ  ΰ ǥϴ ȭ ̷Ϸ ߴ ̴.

þ ̸ ó 2ǿ ó . οǸ ǥ ޾Ƶ鿩 ٷ " ô 帣 "̶ ̴. Ͽ ǽô н̳ ̷ ȣϴ ó ߸ ˷⵵ ߴ. ׷ յ ƶ 캸,

ǹ̰ ׷ ܼ ƴ϶ ݹ ִ.

 

׷ õ Ǹ õ  Ѱ е ε, װ ٷ õ ġִ ִٴ ̴. ׷ٰ ؼ ݽĿ ° и ø Ѵٰ Ϸ ƴϴ. ϰ ߰ ׷ ϰ ҷŰ  "" ᱹ

巯 ȴٴ ̴. ̷ ǰ߿ ־ ߸Ǿٸ ̶ Ҹ ڰݵ . ֳϸ ô 帣 , ׷ ϴ,  õ װ ̶ ġִ ö װ ̻ Ӹ ƴ϶ ̱ ̴.

 

ĸƶ 캸, ǵ ϴ ø ȣϷ ƴ϶, ø ۿϴ ̱ ص, " "̸, ƹ δ ϴ ǥ õ ˰ "" , ׷ ݵ ÿ  "" οѴٴ ̴. ̷ ޸ ô Űǿ ߴٰ ϳ 18 ǹ κ ϰ ִٰ ִ. ⼺ ߾ ǥϴ ƴϸ Ư ǥϴ ̴. ϰ ټ ƶ ʰ οǴ ÿ ̷ . ٵ 1798 ߹ õ þ ظ Ȯϰ Ų  ش ô ȹ ߴ ̴.

׷ٸ õ 鼭 ߴ ֵ Ϲ Ȱκ ǵ Ȳ Ͽ ߿ Ͽ װ͵ ϰų ϴ ̾. ÿ װ͵ äϿ ͵ (ڵ) ӿ ٸ õ ֵ ϴ , ׸ ư, ƴ ٵ, װ͵ ӿ Ȯ ǵǰ 츮 ⺻

Ģ, ַ 츮 л¿ Ű İ õ Ģ ν ̷ ǵ Ȳ ̷Ӱ ̱⵵ ߴ. 밳 ð () ߴµ, ٷ ׷ ǿ ִ ߰ ְ, , ǥDZ ̴. ׷ ǿ 츮

⺻ ܼ ¿ ϸ鼭, Ƹ Ȯ ǰ, ϰ ޵ ֱ ̱⵵ ϴ. Ӹ ƴ϶ ׷ ⺻ ð ݵ Ư Ե ð Ȱ ְ, ӵȴ. , ٷ ׷ ǿ ΰ ڿ Ƹ յDZ ̱⵵ ϴ. þ

̷ µ ( ׷ Ե, ׸ װ͵ ؼ Ȱ ε ν ȭŰ ) ׸ ׷ ̾߸ κ ߻Ű ýð ϱ ̴. ׵ ȸ ׵ ϼ Ҽ Ͽ ȸ 㿵 ް ׵ ܼϰ

ٸ ǥ ϱ ̱⵵ ϴ. ݺǴ κ 췯 ׷ ε ׷ ġϿ ϴ ϰ, ξ ö ̴. ε κ иǸ ɼ, Ŀ忡 ϱ Ͽ ̰ ݹ ع ǥ Žϸ Ҽ ڱ ڽŰ ڽ Ӱ Ѵٰ Ѵ.

 

߹ "" ٽ "ް ߻ ȭ " 󸶳 þ ִ Ȯϴ , ׸, ׷  Ͽ ؼ ϱ Ϲ ΰ ɼ ǥϴ ̶ ߴµ, ͼ ȭ þ  Ϳ Ǵ Ѿ " ð " ڽ μ

ϴ ̻ þ, " ϰ, ξ ö "̶ Ѵ. ׷ ٰŴ ǻ ̷ ܰ踦 μ ġ ⼺ и, ⼭ ̷ӰԵ ׷ ġ ٴ ڿ-(ڿ ü Ϻ ְ, Ƹٿ ̶ , ׸Ͽ ӹ ׷ ڿ ϴ

̶ ) ڿ ( ȣ ƴ϶ װ Ÿ κ ߻ ̶ ) սŲ Ѵ. ̷ ʳ ˹ϰ ȴ. 켱 ̷ , ִ þ ð ҹ ̶ ƴٴ ڿ︮ ķε ޾Ƶ̰ Ǵ ٽ̰ ġ ̾. ߰ȸ ̷ ڽ ִ ġ Ǹ ϱ ̾ٴ ǵ ִ. ϳ ٸ ׷ ǵ Ÿ , , ŷ(Pantheism) ڿ, ڿ ȹ ߿ Ϻημ ڸ ̷ 쿬 ƴϾ.

 

þ ο Բ ϳ ο ο ̴.

 

̶  ΰ? ϴ°? 츮 ο  ϴ°? 鿡 ϴ ̴. ̿ Ǵ ͺ ϴ ε巯 , ΰ Ͽ ȥ ִ ̴. ڱ ȿ ִ ȥ ٸ 麸 ũ ſѴ.

࿡ и 巯 Ͱ ϱ⸦ ϸ, װ ׷  浿 . ̷ Ư Ҿ տ ġ ִ ó װ͵鿡 ٸ 麸 ޴ ִ. װ ׷ ȥڼ ڱ ȿ ҷŰ ɷε, װ ǵ  Ȱ ,

׷ ٸ Ϲ ڱ ؼ ڱ ȥ ͺٴ (ſ ִ Ϲ ̶ κп ־ Ư ) ξ  Ҵ. ̷ , Ͽ, ڱⰡ ϰ , Ư ܺ ڱ ̵ ϰų ƴϸ ڱ ڱ ȿ ܳ ׷ Ȱϰ ǥϴ

ɷ ߴ.

 

 ð  Ͱ ƶ ׵ ٸ "鿡 ϴ "̶ ν ڽ ϼѴ. ø ̳ ϴ ̳ 簡 Ǵ ̿ ִ ̴. ð Ư õμ ̶ Ư ΰ ̷ ߴٴ ̷϶ . ׷ ġ ߴٰ ϳ ȭ ̾, ϰ ⼺ ԰Ͽ , ߰  ϰ ִ° ϴ ߿ ٴ ϸ ̷ ڱ ִ ̴. ⼭ õ ο ΰ Ư ׷ Ǻٴ ɷ¿ ü ̴. ۿ Ͼ ϰ ۿ ϴ 繰 ϱ⵵ , ۿ ʴ ͵鿡 Ͽ ġ װ ϴ ó ִ ɷ ִ Ư ̶ ľϰ ִ. ̰ ʳ ǿ ʰ װ پѴ ϴ ϳ ʸ ̷ٰ ִ. ٷ ׷ " ൿ Ȳ Ե ൿ Ȳ ߿ , ൿ Ȳ ߿ϰ ƴ" ִ ̴. ׷ ǹ̿ ϰ̱⵵ ̹ ȿ ׷ ν Ѿ ;Ƹ ִٰ ִ. ٷ

׷ ¿ -- ð ġ ʴ " ſ" ִ ͸ε 鿡 ۿϰ, "ΰ ϴ " ִٴ ü ΰ ϴ ÿ ȣ ÿ ʱ ǰ ǽ Ѿ ݿ̰ ְ, ڱν ̱⵵ ϴ.

 

VI. "" ΰ?

 

Ͽ ̷ο ü ߿ϰ ޵ȴٴ ̴. üμ й ʾҴ ƴ ǰ ü ִ ǹ̳ ȿ ǰ 迭 ȣ ǹ ũ 뷡 The Songs of Innocence and Experience غ ſ ϴٴ Ưϴ. װ ڿ︮ ۾ ڱ , ׵ õϴ ٽ Ρ "" 迡 ΰ þ, Ǹ ϴ Űܳұ ̴. "ǰ" ΰΰ ε, ߿ ""̸鼭 ̸ õ 1800ǿ ͵ , 1798 ǿ 鿡 "" ִ ǰ ڿ︮ Ρ ϰ ũ ظ ϡ, ó, ٺҳ⡹ ǰ ̰, ׹ۿ ڿ ̸

Ρ(Female Vagrant), 츮 ϰ (We are Seven), 硹(The Last of the Flock) ԽŰ⵵ , "" 23 4 Ұϴٴ Ư ̴. θ ׷ ƴ϶, ""  ϵ װͰ 鿡 ݴ شܿ ġϰ ִٰ ִ ƾϻ(Tintern Abbey)(ε ܰ迡 ԵǾ) ð Ǹ ǰ ߿ ϰ Ǿٴ ǵ μ ǵ "" ȿ ǽϰ ̴. ׷ , ᱹ μ "" ⺻ Ρ ڿ︮ ̾, ߹ ΰ â Һд ( ڿ ڿ, ٸ ڿ źӰ ϱ Ѵٴ) ϴ â ڿ︮ ̾ Ρ âۿ 鼭 ̹ ٸ Ȱ ־ٴ ϴ. ׷ Ǿڵ Ҹ ұϰ "" Ǿ ڿ︮ δ ƴ϶ ڱ ̾߱ÿ پ ߴ ̶, ٷ鼭 л ǹ̳ п

ġļ "" 帣 ü й ← Դٰ ִ. е "" ʴ. "(ballad)"߿ "μӴ"(folk ballad), Ȥ ""(traditional ballad) ô ·μ İ

⺻̰ ΰ ȣѴٴ Ư ־, ׷ 鿡 ϴ ΰ Ѵ. ġε 1790 ̳ ̻ 븣 ޱ۷λ ġü ȸϴ , ׷ ؼ ̸ "븣 ۿ(Norman Yoke)" غϰ " (The Ancient British Freedom)" ȸϴ ⺻ μ ϰ ־, "" ȰѴٴ ƶ ̳ ׸ ̶ ִ. μ ޵Ǹ鼭 ް þ "Ÿ (broadside ballad)" ⺻ ġ ־, װ ° ġ ȿ () ȿ ο ŷ ̴. "" ǹ̰ ġ ̾ٸ, ""  ̾? "" "" ϰ, Ѵٴ ü Ǹ ʿ ϴ , "" "輺" 㱸, ٽ

ؼ ǿ "" , 뿡 ϴ õ Ͽ ̿(Robert Mayo) ڴ "" 輺 Ȥ â ϰ ִ. ٸ ߿ и(Stephen Parrish) Ư "̾߱" ׳ ȭ ӿ "" ҷŰ, ū Ư¡ ؼ Ǵ Ѵ. Ϲ ""ʹ ޸ ȭ "" ǥǰ, װ ڵ鿡 ȿ ϴ " " Ѵٴ װ "" ÷ ٴ ̴. "" Ư ٽ ֱ ڴ ĭƮ Ͽ

Ư "Żð(timelessness)" , "" Ư ÿ Ǽ, 缺 ϰ "Żð" ȹϴ ϱ⵵ Ѵ. " ൿ Ȳ ܳ ൿ Ȳ ߿伺 οϴ , ൿ Ȳ ߿ ƴ" "" ̷ ϴ ִ.

Ĺݺο ñ "ſ" ִ ̶ , ׸ "ſ" ⺻ "" ٴ ߴ. "̾߱" ҷŰ а Ͽ " ſ" ٴ ̴. ̰ ⺻  깮 ̸ ϸ鼭  ø ٰŰ DZ⵵ ϴµ, ̰ "" ƶ ٸ "" ִ ڱ "" ȭϿ "ſ" ȭŰڴٴ ǥ̶ 𸥴. ̷ , ȹ ڿ︮ о ( پ) ""

ü ƴ϶ ִµ, װ ڰ "" ü þ õ Ȯ ִ.

 

ũ ظ ϡ ̳ 뿡 ־ "" ŷеǴ ǰ̴. Ư ù ° ź糪 ü ǥ ð 1790뿡 Ϸ(William Taylor) ҰǾ α⸦ ۰ ߸(Gottfried Bürger) Ǿִ. ø ϰ "" ԰Ͽ ϰ ִ. ׷ٸ ø ׳ "" ƴ ""  ΰ? ںν(Mary Jacobus) Ųٷ ε ""Ͽ ᱹ ȸ ״ ϵ ϴ Ϲ "" ޸ ũ "" 缺 ον Ϲ "" ִٴ ٸٰ Ѵ. ǻ "" ڿ̰ ̽ "" ܰ޴̱⵵ ѵ, ⼭ װ źο ΰDZ⺸ٴ װ; ߾ٴ ̴.

 

״ ƹ ƹ ʳ/ ڳ ̿Գ ̿Գ/"ҽ ظ ſ ٳ"/ڳ ̳ ̳/ ̻ ޱ׶ ޱ׶/ ׷ ״ ε鿡 ٶ/ ũ ظ ϰ.

 

ںν ó ȭ ظ Ϻٴ ũ ֱ ̽ Ѵٰ Ͽ ݵ ð ȴٰ . ȸϵ ÿó ε巯 Ÿ ø ޾Ƶ̰ ϴ ū ̶ ִ. ض 縦 ٷ ó α⸦ ִ ߸ õó Ƿ 带 ִ

ִ. ׷ Ư 1800 ֿ ڼ ϰ ִ ó " ϰ ٽ" ȭڸ ӿ ̾߱⸦ ϰ ִٴ ̴. ̷ Ѵ.

 

׷  ؼ Ȱ ϰ Ǵ ִ , ׸ ׵ ȭ ϴ ٸ, ׷ ׷ ٸ ׵  󰡸 ִ ٶ ̴.

 

ƻظ 𸣴 ƴ϶ ϰ ⸦ ϴ ȭ ̴. ÿ ϴ õ ܰ ȥ ƻΰ 簡 ִ ð ߳Ⳳ ɼ  ۿϴ ϴ ɸ м ÿ ְ ڱŽ õϰ и

ش. ÿ ι ȭڰ ΰ (Martha Ray) ̾߱⸦ ϴ Ǹ鼭 ̸ ȭ ̾߱ پѾ ȭ ϴ  ٸ , 並 Ű Ǵ  ȴ.

 

ʾҴ. ׳ Ҵ./ װ ߴ./ Ƽ, ׳ ¢ ./ ', ⱸ !, ⱸ !'/ ׸ ׳ ű⿡ ɾ ־/ Ǫ ϴ Ѿ / ׸, ٶٱⰡ/ ǥ / װ / ׳డ ִٴ / ׸ ŵ ׳ ¢ ִ/ ', ⱸ ! ⱸ !

 

̰ ¥ ڱ ̸ ׿, ׸ ű⿡ ϸ ߴ, ׸ ٶҸ ¥ ׳࿡ ѿ Ҹ ȴ, ׳ ¢ ǽ , ׸ װ "ó"ʹ  ִ, ƹ ͵ . ȭڴ ׳ ȹٷ ٶ󺸾Ұ, ׳ ¢ , װ "ϴ " Ǫ ϴ 

ھƿ ó ȭ 尨 ȿ ΰ . ׸ ׷ ӿ ̶ ׿ ̰ ڱ İ ع. ̰̾߸ ϴ "ð" 𸥴.

 

̹ ֿ ̷ 뿡 "̰ " ϰ ϰ ִ. ϸ "" "̾߱" ȣɿ иŰ Ͽ Ѵ. ٸ ǥ ٺҳ⡹ ̴. "" "" ȭڰ Ȳ̳,  ȿ ȴ. ־ٴ ߸ (Lenora) غ "" ִµ, ϰ ְ, 縦 ٷ , ٺҳ⡹ зε(parody) ŭ ٰŸ ݴ ϰ ִ. 쿡 Ϳ 縦 ޾Ƶ ΰ ϸ ڻ Ÿ Ÿ ޸ٰ Բ ׵ , ׵ ڸ ȯó , ڸ ư ȥ 뼭޴´ٴ ٰŸ ִ. ݸ鿡 Ӵ Ƽ(Betty) ޴ "ٺҳ" ǻ縦 ӹ ѹ߿ Ÿ ȴ. ڴʰ Ƽ Ƶ ҹ ϰ . " (deadly sin)" Ƶ ã ٲ۴. Ƽ ̾ ܰ迡 , ȭڴ 󡹿 ö 翬 ϰ Ϲ ȭڿʹ ޸ Ȳ ڽ Ͽ ǽ Ѵ.

 

ھַο ý̿!/ ֿ Ͼ/ ݸ̶ ϰ ֽÿ/ ֿԴ Ʋ ̻ ϵ Ͼ ʾҰڼ. ھַο ý̿!/ ̰ ģϰ ſ?/ Ź ϴ ?/ ̻ ʴ°ſ?/ ׷ ִ°ſ?/״ ý̿, ״븦 ϴµ.

 

ߴܽŰ ȿ ̷ ǽ ýſ ̶ ġ ܾ ϰ , ڵ ڱ ̾߱⿡ Ž ϵ ϸ鼭 ƼŬ̸(anti-climax) .

 

?/ õó ιϴ / Ƹ Ʒ/ ġ ƹ ͵ ٴ ¿ϰ/ Ǯ ȹٷ ɾִ ?

 

ΰ Ǿ ° ϴ Ƽ Ȳ ϴ ȭ ޸ "ٺҳ"Դ ƹ ϵ Ͼ ʾ 巯. ٱϰ Ƶ ã Ŵ Ƽ ׷ Ƽŭ̳ ٱ Ȳ ִ ȭڿʹ ſ Ƹٿ ޺ Ʋ ɾִ "ٺҳ" ü ""ϰڴٰ

"ش ڱؿ Ÿ 屸" Ѿ ¡̴. ü  ̳İ Ƽ ٱħ Ͽ "ٺҳ" ÿ Ӱ Ϸ ִ 亯 Ѵ.

 

ߵ -, - / ׸ ޴ .

 

ް ϴ ٺ ٸ õ鿡 ҿܵ ȸ ϳ̱⵵  ƶ ٺ ׸ ׿ ٰ ڿ ģȭ ̰ 簡 ִ ſ ߱ϴ "" Ÿ õȴ. ̰ ڿ ΰ, ΰ Ѿ ڿ ϴ  ΰ̸,

̰̾߸ ߹ ΰ ̶ ִ. ÿ "ٺ" ȸ ڳ ΰ ƴ϶ ܼԿ Ծ ڿ ν ΰ ٺ ϰ, ׷ ν "Żð" ȹ ΰ Ǵ ̴.

 

ι ϴٰ 񿡼 ߴϰ, ȿ 缺 ǽ ݱ "ḻ" ٺҳ⡹ Ӹ ƴ϶ ̸ ִ "" ̴. ϴٽ, ̸ ϴ̴. Ѷ ׿ ɼؾ ڶϴ û̴ "̸ " ο ִ ϰ Ǿ , ȭڴ ߴϰ ڸ ̷ Ѵ.

 

ģ ڿ, ˰ ִٳ./״밡 󸶳 ְ ٷȴ/ȵ ״/ ̾߱Ⱑ ñ ϰ ְ. ڿ! ״뿡/ ִ ִٸ/ ģ ڿ! ״/ 𼭳 ̾߱⸦ ߰ ִٳ./ ª,/ ٶǴ ģϰ ޾־ ϳ./ װ ̾߱Ⱑ ƴϳ. ״밡 ݸ ϸ/ ̾߱ ɼ.

 

⼭ ٺҳ⡹ Ϲ õڵ "ش ڱؿ Ÿ 屸" ڱ ٰŸ Žϴ " " Ѵ. ȭڰ "ḻ"μ ϴ ݱ ȭڰ "̸ " ϴ ̴. ⼭ Ͼ ͵ ƴϴ. Ƹ " ũ"ó ϱ Ѹ ߶󳻷 ־ "̸ " , ȭڴ ڽ ܼ ߶ش. ׷ "̸ " 긮, ¾ ȭڿԵ " (mourning)" ´ٴ ̴. ҽ ȸ ϰ ׵鿡 ڼ Ǫ ö ä ε ó Ÿ (broadside ballad) ޴. ׷ " " Ͽ " " ٴ ǹΰ? տ 캸ҵ ڽ "" "" ߸ ó ̰ ڱ ٰŸ ڵ õ ȣ Ű ʰڴٴ ̱⵵ ϰ, ε Ÿ ó ο ڼ ϴ

ʰڴٴ ̱⵵ ߴ. "" Ϸ ϴ " "μ װ ̳ ƴ϶, ׷ ΰ ˹ϴ ڱ Ѿ " " Ͽ γ ٸ ΰ νĿ ϴ ̴. ̰ ڿdz ŷ, Ȥ ڿ︮

"ϻ(one-life philosophy)" DZ⵵ ־ װ ̷̳ Ģ ִ  "" ٴ Ưϰ ؼ ̷ ִ  ν̶ ̴. ׷ ν ߿ å ȸϵ ٴ ǵ , ռ 캸ҵ п ĵ

⺻ ݿ̱⵵ ߰ŴϿ װ ߱ߴ ü ȸ ڿ ܰ μ ߴٴ ǵ̶ų Ż̶ ٰ . õ ߱ϴ , ȿ ȭڰ (׸ ٶǴ ) ϴ ν üδ ʿϴ

"Żð" Ư װ ƶ ǹ̴ ΰ ȣ 翡 ´ִٰ ִ.

 

VII. л

 

"" л Ǵ Ͽ ʿ䰡 ִ. ڿ ؼ ̹ ˷ ִ ٿ . þ Ư ȸ Ư  ߰ ε ȮŰ, ִ ľν, , Һ ܿ ȹ ȮǴ ⸦ ߴٴ ε巯 л Ƕ ִ. ϻ þ Ϻη ԽŰ,  깮 ϴ ܼ þ Ȯ Ϳ ġ ƴ϶ ǻ ۹ ̶ ص ƴϴ. "" 帣 캸ҵ ȭ Ͽ б⸦ ܼ Ͽ, ο Ͽ ̹ 糪 ų ǻ ܸ ϴµ ġ ƴ϶ ɿ ΰ Űܳν ΰ ְ â ٽɿ ̴ Ⱑ Ǿٰ , ̰ ٴ ۰ǽ ȿö Ƶ ̴. "" ο Ž 翴 ̰ ̽ ΰ ɷ° еǴ ΰ ɷ¿ ˹߰, ̰ ʳ ᱹ ¿ ̷ ϰ Ǵµ, ̷ν ܼ ſ õ ƴ϶ ΰ ɿ ؿ ΰ Ž ߿ θ ڸű ְ Ǿ.

 

VIII. õ ⺻ ħ

 

ܱ ø Ѵٴ ִ ⸦ ʿ ϴ ̴. װ 켱 ܱμ þ 𸥴ٴ η ҾȰ ũ ̴. ׷ η ҾȰ ÿ ο θ ϸ , þ ̸ â 迡 Ͽ ˰ Ǹ ˰ ø ٸ Ѵٴ ó . ƹ 깮  ٸ ʴٰ ߴٰ ϴ, ׷ ̾ٴ ü ִ ô  Ű ̸, ̷  , (rhyme) ü谡 ٸ ѱ ٲ۴ٴ Ѹ ̴. Ӹ ƴ϶, ٸ ѱ 󸶳 ΰ ϴ ͵ Ǯ . ׷ ǵ ٽ ÿ 帮 帷 ŵֳ ߵ ο õ 忡 ϵ ϴ ̾ٴ ϸ鼭 ѱ õϴ ͵ ƶ Ѵٸ õ ѱ ټ ȭ ߴ. , ⼭ ״ 濡 ܾ ѡǡ ƴ϶ ߽ ִ ѱ ÷ ֵ ϴ Ģ Ҵ. õǰ, ٸ ѱ ѱ ƶ ٰŷ á ó ִ ϴ Ǯ ʴ ٸ , μ ǹ̸ ũ ջ 鼭 ü Ÿ ִ ڿ ѱ ü ٲٵ ϴ ּ ̶ ǴϿ. ̹ ѱ , ƴϸ, ۾Ⱑ ׷ߵ, ؼ ̾ ù Ұϸ, װ ε ӵ帮 ̴.   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   Related Keyword : ؼ
 

 

 
 
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